Students will acquire knowledge and develop an understanding of what constitutes health; so that they can make informed decisions on the choice of lifestyles, habits, and disease prevention measures. This is designed to help students develop a positive attitude towards health and be aware of both individual and public responsibility for the maintenance of a healthy community. The routes of pathogen transmission and the causes of some non-infectious diseases are to be learned in association with the biological principles that may lead to their prevention and control. The physiological defence mechanisms employed by the human body to combat diseases, the principle of vaccination, the use of antibiotics, and some of the related issues, are also discussed.